2026年1月托福机经套卷(第5套)Read an Academic Passage5 道题

Green Chemistry Innovations

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Green Chemistry Innovations Green chemistry, an area of study within organic chemistry, aims to design products and processes that reduce or eliminate hazardous substances. This field promotes sustainable practices and renewable resources in chemical production. One breakthrough is biodegradable plastics. Traditional plastics are derived from petroleum, a non-renewable resource, and can take centuries to decompose. Biodegradable plastics, made from renewable materials like corn starch, can break down in months under composting conditions, reducing pollution and landfill burden. Another advancement is the use of catalysis to increase reaction efficiency. Catalysts speed up chemical reactions without being consumed and can often replace hazardous chemicals. Researchers have developed metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that serve as efficient catalysts in various organic reactions. For example, they can be applied in the process of degrading of pollutants into harmless compounds, which can aid in water and air purification. In addition to catalysts, green chemistry also studies solvents. A solvent is a liquid that dissolves other substances and provides a medium for these substances to react. For example, using water as a solvent instead of organic solvents, which are often toxic, creates safer and more sustainable processes. Additionally, reactions in water can sometimes proceed faster than in organic solvents.

Question 1查看单题

The phrase "This field" in the passage refers to

Agreen chemistry

Borganic chemistry

Cresource management

Dconservation biology

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正确答案：A

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Question 2查看单题

The word "breakthrough" in the passage is closest in meaning to

Asource