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2026年2月托福机经套卷(第8套)Read an Academic Passage / 25 道题

Quantum Computing

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Quantum Computing Quantum computing promises to revolutionize technology by delivering unprecedented computational power. Traditional computers store data in binary bits, representing 0 or 1. Quantum computers use qubits, which can represent 0, 1, or both simultaneously (a state called superposition). This allows quantum computers to process vast amounts of data simultaneously, solving complex problems much faster than classical computers. Quantum computing has promising applications in cryptography—techniques for encoding and decoding messages. Current encryption (encoding) methods rely on complex algorithms that classical computers struggle to break. Quantum computers could potentially break these encryption algorithms with ease, requiring new, quantum-resistant techniques. Researchers are exploring such methods to secure data in a post-quantum world. One challenge to fully realizing quantum computing is that qubits are highly sensitive to external disturbances. Maintaining coherence, the state needed by qubits to perform calculations, requires extremely low temperatures and isolation from environmental noise, such as magnetic or electric field fluctuations. Despite the challenges, progress is accelerating. Scientists are developing error-correcting codes and stable qubit designs to address these issues. Quantum computing holds promise for advancements in fields like medicine, finance, and artificial intelligence.
Question 1查看单题
The word "revolutionize" in the passage is closest in meaning to
Asimplify
Btransform
Cstudy
Duse
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正确答案：B
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Question 2查看单题
Why does the author discuss binary bits and qubits?
ATo explain why quantum computers are more powerful than classical computers are
BTo discuss the two ways in which quantum computers store data
CTo emphasize the fast pace at which computing technology is advancing
DTo explain what causes the state of superposition
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正确答案：A
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Question 3查看单题
According to the passage, new encryption techniques are needed in the post-quantum world because
Aquantum computers are less secure
Bquantum computers store more valuable data than classical computers do
Cquantum computers can break existing encryption
Dquantum computers cannot process current encryption algorithms
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正确答案：C
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Question 4查看单题
Why does the author mention "external disturbances"?
ATo point out that qubits can only function in certain environmental conditions
BTo introduce a similarity between quantum computing and traditional computing
CTo explain how quantum computing creates unwanted fluctuations in magnetic or electric fields
DTo suggest that quantum computing can be prohibitively expensive
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正确答案：A
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Question 5查看单题
There are four locations █ in the passage that indicate where the following sentence could be added.
Seeing progress, companies and governments have begun to invest heavily in quantum research, aiming to unlock its potential.
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