2026年3月托福机经套卷(第5套)Read an Academic Passage5 道题

Coastal Erosion Solutions

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Coastal Erosion Solutions Coastal erosion poses a significant threat to communities worldwide, especially in low-lying and densely populated coastal zones. This natural phenomenon causes the gradual wearing away of coastlines. Human activities such as construction, sand mining, and deforestation, along with sea level rise and increased storm intensity due to climate change, exacerbate the problem. Engineers and scientists are developing innovative solutions to combat this issue and protect vulnerable areas. One popular method is beach nourishment, which involves adding sand to eroding beaches. This temporary solution can be costly and requires regular maintenance, but it helps to restore a beach's natural barrier against waves. Additionally, the installation of structures like groynes and seawalls offers another approach. Groynes are barriers built perpendicular to the coastline, trapping sand carried by longshore drift. Seawalls, on the other hand, are constructed parallel to the shore to protect the land from wave impact. Apart from structural interventions, some approaches focus on ecological solutions. █ Living shorelines, for instance, use native vegetation to stabilize the coast. █ These natural buffers absorb wave energy, reducing erosion while providing habitats for marine life. █ Despite their ecological benefits, living shorelines can take time to establish and may not be suitable for all areas.█

Question 1查看单题

The word "vulnerable" in the passage is closest in meaning to

Acertain

Bat-risk

Caffected

Dexposed

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正确答案：B

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Question 2查看单题

Identify the sentence in paragraph 1 that explains why coastal erosion is becoming worse. Select the sentence to make your choice.

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参考答案：Human activities such as construction, sand mining, and deforestation, along with sea level rise and increased storm intensity due to climate change, exacerbate the problem.

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Question 3查看单题

According to the passage, all of the following are true about beach nourishment EXCEPT:

AIt adds sand to eroding beaches.

BIt is expensive and needs to be maintained on a regular basis.

CIt helps beaches to combat waves.

DIt involves the installation of groynes.

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正确答案：D

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Question 4查看单题

Why does the author discuss "groynes and seawalls" in the passage?

ATo demonstrate the effectiveness of solutions to coastal erosion

BTo identify some structural solutions to coastal erosion

CTo explain the significance of combating coastal erosion

DTo suggest that solutions to coastal erosion vary in construction and maintenance costs

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正确答案：B

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Question 5查看单题

There are four locations █ in the passage that indicate where the following sentence could be added.

They also contribute to climate resilience by mitigating the impacts of sea level rise and storm surges.

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