2026年4月托福机经套卷(第3套)Read an Academic Passage5 道题

Person-Centered Therapy: A Shift in Focus

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Person-Centered Therapy: A Shift in Focus When American psychologist Carl Rogers first introduced person-centered therapy in the mid-twentieth century, the prevailing view was that therapists should be experts in diagnosis and treatment. Instead, in his new approach, Rogers centered the patient as an individual who is able to discover and take steps toward personal growth. Counseling was viewed as a collaborative interaction between the professional and the patient, with the latter playing a key role in effecting change. One of Rogers' core beliefs was that a nonjudgmental environment fosters self-discovery. The therapist acts as an empathetic facilitator, listening actively and using reflection—paraphrasing, summarizing, and clarifying the client's words—to elicit the client's feelings. Rogers claimed this approach allows individuals to gain the self-awareness and self-acceptance needed to grow personally and resolve issues. Rogers' research suggested that the most successful patients were those who experienced the highest degree of empathy in therapy. Unlike Rogers' model, earlier clinical approaches foregrounded issues and behaviors of concern, with the therapist diagnosing them and specifying treatment courses. Critics question the effectiveness of Rogers' approach for patients seeking expert guidance, especially those with severe mental-health challenges who need structured intervention. However, Rogers' theories remain influential: The person-centered paradigm is seen in various therapeutic approaches.

Question 1查看单题

The word "prevailing" in the passage is closest in meaning to

Adominant

Bsuccessful

Ctraditional

Dscientific

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正确答案：A

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Question 2查看单题

According to the passage, all of the following were characteristics of Rogers patient-centered approach EXCEPT

Arelying on each patient's own diagnostic expertise

Bcreating a supportive context for treatment

Clistening carefully to the patient

Dpromoting self-development by patients

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正确答案：A

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Question 3查看单题

Why does the author of the passage mention "paraphrasing, summarizing, and clarifying"?

ATo specify the note-taking that therapists do during patient sessions

BTo clarify the concept of reflection in patient-centered therapy

CTo illustrate some tools patients use to promote personal growth

DTo explain how Rogers conducted research on therapeutic models

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正确答案：B

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Question 4查看单题

The passage suggests which of the following about therapeutic approaches in the United States before the mid-twentieth century?

AThey were abandoned after Rogers became influential.

BThey were not effective for patients with severe mental-health challenges.

CThey were not backed by sufficient clinical research.

DThey did not view empathy as a key therapeutic methodology.

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正确答案：D

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Question 5查看单题

Identify the sentence in paragraph 2 that best explains the intended outcomes for a patient receiving person-centered therapy. Select the sentence to make your choice.

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参考答案：Rogers claimed this approach allows individuals to gain the self-awareness and self-acceptance needed to grow personally and resolve issues.